PUNCTUATION

                  AND

CAPITAL LETTERS

WITH EXAMPLES

While
talking , we use pauses, some slight and some longer , to group words into
ideas .If a speaker is so fast that his sentences run into one another , it
would be difficult to follow his sense. Punctuation marks like the full stop,
the mark of interogations, the comma,etc are the equivalents of these pauses
used to make the writer’s meaning clear. Absence or wrong use of punctuation
marks could totally disort the meaning .

Punctuation and capital letters with examples

Look at
the following examples :-

*When
are you going to marry Ishita?

=When
are you going to marry , Ishita ?

The two
sentences are differently have entirely different meanings.

The principal marks
of punctuation are:-

1.    
Full
Stop                                  
(.)

2.  
Mark of
Interrogation          ( ?)

3.  
Mark of
Exclamation             (!)

4.  
Comma                                     (,)

5.   
Semicolon                                (;)

#FULL STOP        { . }

The
full stop indicates the longest pause . It is used

1.                         To
close a statement or a command :

–                      Public
speaking is an art .( statement )            

                     Give me
some tips on public speaking. ( command)

2.  
After abbrevations for titles , names, degrees, etc :

–                                Prof.
S.K.  Mahapatra

–                                      Masters
of Arts

 

*Full
stop are often dropped in  the case of
following abbrevations:-

1.
Abbrevation formed with the first and the last letter of a word:

–  Dr (doctor)

2.
Abbrevations of personal names can be written with or without a full stop.

 

#MARK OF INTERROGATION    { ? }

1.The
mark of interrogation is used at the end of a direct questions:

– Do
you realize the value of time ?

– Where
did you waste so much time ?

2. If
an interrogative sentence expresses a formal and polite request , the mark of
interrogation may be replaced by a full stop :-

– May I
now request Mr M.K . Joseph , our chief guest,to address the students.(and not
?)

 

#MARK OF EXCLAMINATION    { ! }

1.       The
mark of exclamination is placed at the end of an exclamatory sentence , that is
, a sentence which expresses some sudden or strong emotion:

–       
How kind
of you !

2.  
When a
command is given in an angry or harsh tone, the full stop at the end may be
replaced by a mark of exclamination :

–       
Just get
out of the room !

 

# COMMA          { , }

The
comma is th shortest pause . The use of a comma is absolutely necessary to
bring clarity to our writing . But the overuse of comma should be avoided.

–       
For example
:- She is beautiful , sincere and efficient.

 

*Effective
points to remember while using  COMMA  

  1. A comma is used to separate three or more
words in series when only the last two words are connected by and .

2. It
is used to separate phrases in series.

3.  A comma is used to separate question tags .

4. A
comma is used to separate particular phrases.

5. An
absolute construction is set off a comma .

6. A
comma is used to set off a word of address placed whether at the beginning or
at the end of a sentence .

 

# SEMICOLON      { ; }

The
comma indicates the shortest pause and the full stop , the full stop , the
longest . The semicolon stands between too :-

1.*        A semicolon
is used to separate coordinate clauses not joined by a conjunction :-

–             He does
not respond to my letters;  he does not
attend my phone calls ; he ignores my messages.

2.*  
A semicolon
is used to separate coordinate clauses when these clauses contain comma within
them :-

–       
As casear
loved me , I weep for him ; as he was fortunate , I rejoice at it ; as he was
ambitious , I killed him .  

 

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